In fact, some refer to dressage horses as the ballet dancers of the horse world. Their hardy qualities make them ideal for packing, riding, farming and/or logging. Crawford, NE 69339 Mule enthusiasts believe that mules are smarter and more reliable than horses. It is an unsound horse whose pastern is 45 degrees or less, when accompanied by a 45-degree hoof angle. Regardless as to whether the horse is barefoot or shod, several features are deemed to be acceptable and others are not, when it comes to hoof angles. This places the entire responsibility for holding the horse up on the muscles and ligaments/tendons, and, ultimately, leads to the fatigue and subsequent destruction of soft tissue. There is no such thing as a standard angle for any pastern, nor is there a standard angle for any hoof wall. Mules have become popular for other sports like calf roping, team roping, polo, jumping and dressage. Unacceptable: If the cannon bone does not physically have any hoof directly underneath it, the resulting posture is the equivalent to standing on the rung of a ladder or on a step with no support for the bone column. A hoof wall that has been heavily rasped, especially one that has been “over processed” (filed from the coronary band down to the ground surface), will also give a distorted reading, and cannot give a true indication of the angle of the wall. As with many aspects of farriery, the person with the “microphone” has the advantage. Lee Green and his son, Porter, hold records for shoeing mules in just over three minutes! jacob@dougbutler.com, If you think you want to become a farrier (or know someone who does), this book can help you make that decision. ]. It’s very interesting to me to learn more about the physical differences between mules and horses. This is not always correct, however, because pastern and hoof angles are quite variable. Acceptable: The ergot is in the centre of the bulbs of the heels. The first shot is Josie the mule, and the second is Willow the Saddlebred. A correctly trimmed hoof should feature each of the following favourable attributes, and none of the unfavourable ones. The farrier should avoid excessive trimming of the frog and the bars.

Mules have an odd chromosome number of sixty-three (between the mare’s sixty-four and the jack’s sixty-two) that makes them sterile. We have been taught that the toe ought to be parallel to the pastern angle, and that the pastern ought to be parallel to the scapula. Nails may have to be angled straight up and down or even angled out of the foot to prevent quicking the mule. This results in all manner of posture, as well as movement issues. Mules require hoof care just like their horse counterparts. The heels can then lift off at the same time as the carpus unlocks, and the pastern can then immediately go from rest to seamless break over. We have been taught that the toe ought to be parallel to the pastern angle, and that the pastern ought to be parallel to the scapula. As mentioned, traditional belief holds that the toe should be parallel to the pastern angle, but, on a correctly trimmed hoof, this is all an illusion. Several other elements needed to be taken into consideration, as hoof angles are as varied as the horses that have them.

Shoes should be fit to the outline of the hoof wall around to the quarter. Of course, I think Willow’s feet are uncommonly big and beautiful, but I may be a little prejudiced. This means that, viewed from behind, the hoof and the heels do not appear to be aimed or twisted in different directions. Mules have steep angled feet. The angle of the pastern is variable in that as the hoof angle is decreased, the pastern angle is raised to a position where the cannon bone is directly over top of the back half of the hoof. Most dressage horses are large Warmbloods. Even though mules are said to be less subject to limb and foot problems than horses, precautions should still be taken. All Rights Reserved. This will lead to interference problems and issues with lead departures and changes may be present. If this angle, or line, is broken, it indicates a poor trim due to either too much toe, a concave break in the line, or too much heel, a convex break in the line. This has a great deal of influence on the posture of the horse. Wordpress Design and Hosting provided by ConnectNC, Inc, The Great Horsetrailriders Distance Derby. They might make statements of fact that are in reality their opinion based on their own anecdotal evidence. Agents of Change Host 5th Annual Event, Virtually This Year, It’s Never Too Late to Pursue Your Dreams, Free Equine Guelph Youth Horse Behaviour and Safety Course, A Spiritual Relationship: Saving the Ojibwe Spirit Horses, Banding Communities Together with a Healing Ride. [ Get the e-Book Now! The heels often grow faster than the toe and must be trimmed accordingly. Mules can be stubborn but also extremely intelligent. This may have been useful for horses being shod by different farriers, but, generally, unless a farrierwas previously acquainted with the horse, this value was somewhat arbitrary and often not even pertinent on the day it was assigned. The vertical load is then borne equally by all parts of the limb, from the scapular hinge, right through the carpus, and down to the ground surface of the hoof. Mules are popular as a breed because it is thought that hybrids possess vigor or strengths greater than those of either parent. 495 Table Road This is due mainly to the imperfect way in which these measurements are taken. There are, in fact, a number of factors which determine the hoof angle for each horse, and simply assigning a numeric value is not indicative of good posture. The frog sticks out below the heels, since the buttresses do not project as far back as they do on a horse. This allows the horse to actually stand ‘on’ his hoof and bear weight via the digital cushion. Sometime in the previous century, someone assigned a numeric value to the angle of the toe as a reference point for farriers.

A 1,200 pound saddle mule may have a 00-size foot compared to a size 1 or 2 on a similar-sized saddle horse. Interestingly, if one maintains a 10 degree tilt to the coffin bone, this yields a hoof angle of 55-60 degrees. Copyright 2016. Unacceptable: The pastern is skewed off to one side and either the medial or lateral wall is significantly more upright than its counterpart, thereby looking like a bell that has had its handle knocked to one side This produces point loads on the more upright side and can be a source of bruising and hoof abscesses. It is the fleshiness of the pastern that creates the appearance of a parallel line. Excessive trimming of the frog and bars should be avoided.

It sets the horse on its toes, similar to someone standing at attention and being ready to step off without the need to shift their weight forward to transition from rest to motion. Mules are a hybrid result of a male donkey breeding a female horse.

35th Anniversary of Burney Chapman and George Platt’s AAEP Presentation.
Understanding the mechanics of hoof angles will help you make more informed decisions when it comes to your horse’s hoof care, resulting in better posture and performance. A straight wall, for example, may read the same as a concave wall or a convex wall when, in reality, they each have different mechanical functions. Your email address will not be published. Nails may have to be angled straight up and down or even angled out of the foot to prevent quicking the mule. Looking at the sole (next to last photo) it’s easy to see how the mule’s hoof is more oblong, rather than round like a horse’s.

A straight wall, for example, may read the same as a concave wall or a convex wall when, in reality, they each have different mechani… The hooves of a hinny tend to be more donkey-like—narrow, oval and more upright—where the hooves of a mule will look more horse-like; a little rounder (although still oval), with slightly more angle than the donkey hoof, but not as flat, round and angled as the horse’s hoof. This week (22 Jul 2018), a mule named Wallace the Great made headlines by being the first mule to win a British Dressage competition. Horse Canada is Canada’s favourite all-breed, multi-discipline website with emphasis on equine health, horse care, and rural living. tripping, stumbling, interference, heel pain and so forth. If a male horse (stallion) breeds a female donkey (jenny), the result would be a “hinny.”. This increase in the tension in the connective tissue leads to the subsequent destruction of soft tissue.

The angle of the joint surface of both the coffin bone and navicular bone can bear weight comfortably and allow for a full range of motion without overextension of the ligaments or tendons.

Horse owners will learn the importance of choosing a qualified farrier and how to select the “right” one. Shoes should extend beyond the buttress one-fourth inch or more depending on the hoof’s conformation and slope at the heel. Mule feet are said to be tougher than horse’s and less given to lameness, and I guess it must be so, because a … When a farrier drives nails in a mule’s foot, it is important to consider the angle of the hoof wall. Mules usually have a higher pastern angle than horses. Hoof gauges – often a crude moveable protractor design – are notoriously inaccurate, as they can be manipulated in numerous ways, making it possible for there to be several different readings from the same foot. Regardless as to whether the horse is barefoot or shod, several features are deemed to be acceptable and others are not, when it comes to hoof angles. This is a typical mule hind shape. Unacceptable: The hoof joint is front of the cannon bone.
Conversely, as the hoof angle is increased, the pastern angle becomes more horizontal.

It is not as likely, but mules are susceptible to all foot problems that horses are: navicular, ringbone, laminitis and founder. This combination produces a hoof angle at the toe of 50-60 degrees. Acceptable: The coronary band is at right angles to the hoof and pastern. Unacceptable: If the ergot appears to be off to one side, there is a twist in the way the hoof lands and loads. The ears may be the first thing you think about but upon examination, the hooves are markedly dissimilar also. Earlier this month, the British Dressage Board revised the rule book to allow mules to compete in British Dressage. The horse will begin to move forward, yet the pastern must first rise up and pass over top of the hoof before the heels can begin to leave the ground and initiate a stride. Acceptable: The line descending vertically from the front of the cannon bone must fall through the hoof joint (approximately the centre of the hoof), allowing the horse to stand in equilibrium.

Hoof angles can also differ due to the shape of the wall at the toe. Mules were not allowed to participate in the sport for so long because they were not recognized as horses. One of the most hotly debated and contested topics pertaining to hoof care is the so-called ‘correct hoof angle.’ Oftentimes, people will let traditional depictions or beliefs shape their thinking, not realizing that the same hoof angles can produce multiple postural stances. Mules are easily quicked in this area of the foot by inexperienced shoers. From the side, mule and horse hooves look about alike, although the mule’s angles are usually more upright. Mules typically have smaller feet than horses of equal body weight.


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