Instead, DeBakey was positioned alongside prominent historical figures in medicine, i.e. In this publication, he defends his classification system against a competing system from Stanford that combined aortic dissection types I and II. Types IV and V aortic dissection involved the descending thoracic aorta, which was strictly limited in type V and extended distally to the abdominal aorta in type IV. Susan Y. The Fourth Annual Middle East Medical Assembly (MEMA), hosted by the American University of Beirut, took place in Lebanon in April 1954. With a program that listed prominent figures in the field of medicine and surgery, the assembly attracted regional and international attention. Before the 1950s, much like repair of aortic aneurysm, it was long thought impossible to correct aortic dissection surgically. Without treatment, many persons experiencing this event will die within 48 hours. He not only strengthened Beirut’s medical education ties to the United States, but established personal ties to medical colleges in Aleppo and Damascus in Syria, as well as in Baghdad, Iraq. Pointedly, the links that European colonial enterprises forged with the educated classes in the Middle East were weakened after World War II. DeBakey described type II aortic dissection as being limited to the ascending aorta, whereas type I aortic dissection typically extends from the ascending aorta to the descending thoracic aorta, often continuing distally. Ask your doctor what you can do before surgery to boost the odds of a good result, Albert says. Sara Farhan, PhD, is an Assistant Professor of History in the Department of International Studies at the American University of Sharjah and a 2019 NLM Michael E. DeBakey Fellow in the History of Medicine. In particular, American medical education was established in the Middle East in the nineteenth century with the founding of the Syrian Protestant College in Beirut, later known as the American University of Beirut (AUB). These dimensions were broadened after World War I where political rationales about peace, cooperation, and mutual understandings reinforced existing collaboration networks and forged new networks. In 1982, DeBakey and his team at Baylor published his landmark 20-year experience regarding 527 patients undergoing repair to treat aortic dissection. The classification schema pulled heavily from Shennan’s 300 autopsy cases and from a review by Hirst and coauthors published in 1958, based on 505 cases from the literature (mostly autopsy cases) published from 1933 to 1954. With the backdrop of these geo-political dimensions we see emboldened education relationships between the United States and the Middle East. Sleeve-Valve Transfusion Apparatus, 1933 M.E. However, it was after World War II, with the establishment of World Health Organization that the internationalization of medical education became more structuralized. Here, the dissection type signals the method of repair to surgically correct it. The United States, which had already established educational networks in the Middle East, was able to capitalize off of the weakening ties between former colonies and Europe. Averroes (Ibn Rushd), and Avicenna (Ibn Sina), to demonstrate the continuous centrality of the region in the trajectory of medicine. MEMA’s organizing committee invited Dr. Michael E. DeBakey.… DeBakey type II dissection originates in and is confined to the ascending aorta; repair is performed via a median sternotomy and involves resecting the entire dissection and replacing it with a Dacron graft. As a result, this early classification schema was heavily skewed toward aortic dissection involving the descending thoracic aorta, which DeBakey indicated to be roughly 90% of all dissections repaired. Notably in 1963, DeBakey and his trainees would report the first successful repair of an acute DeBakey type I aortic dissection—repair of the ascending aorta was performed within 7 hours of onset and no doubt saved the young patient’s life. Learn how your comment data is processed. His classification schema is from a surgeon’s perspective, rather than a pathologist’s. Get the latest public health information from CDC: Get the latest research information from NIH: Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email.

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